Hacker News with Generative AI: Scientific Research

Show HN: TabPFN v2 – A SOTA foundation model for small tabular data (nature.com)
Tabular data, spreadsheets organized in rows and columns, are ubiquitous across scientific fields, from biomedicine to particle physics to economics and climate science1,2.

Machine Learning, Tabular Data, Foundation Models, Scientific Research

152 points by onasta 9 days ago | 44 comments

Thermodynamic model identifies how gold reaches Earth's surface (phys.org)
A research team including a University of Michigan scientist has discovered a new gold-sulfur complex that helps researchers understand how gold deposits are formed.

Geology, Chemistry, Gold, Earth Science, Scientific Research

70 points by wglb 22 days ago | 8 comments

Supernovae Evidence for Foundational Change to Cosmological Models (arxiv.org)
We present a new, cosmologically model-independent, statistical analysis of the Pantheon+ type Ia supernovae spectroscopic dataset, improving a standard methodology adopted by Lane et al.

Astronomy, Supernovae, Cosmology, Scientific Research

107 points by jandrewrogers 26 days ago | 74 comments

Molecular machines that loop chromosomes also twist DNA (phys.org)
Scientists from the Kavli Institute of Delft University of Technology and the IMP Vienna Biocenter have discovered a new property of the molecular motors that shape our chromosomes.

Genetics, Molecular Biology, DNA, Chromosomes, Scientific Research

53 points by wglb 35 days ago | 10 comments

Show HN: ESM C, setting a new state of the art for protein language models (evolutionaryscale.ai)
Today we’re introducing ESM Cambrian, a next generation language model trained on protein sequences at the scale of life on Earth. ESM C models define a new state of the art for protein representation learning.

Machine Learning, Biology, Proteins, Scientific Research

11 points by ebetica0 45 days ago | 1 comments

The impact of the cosmological constant on past and future star formation (academic.oup.com)
We present an extended analytical model for cosmic star formation, with the aim of investigating the impact of cosmological parameters on the star formation history within the \$\Lambda\$CDM paradigm.

Cosmology, Astrophysics, Star Formation, Scientific Research, Lambda-CDM Model

24 points by bookofjoe 55 days ago | 5 comments

AI for real-time fusion plasma behavior prediction and manipulation (control.princeton.edu)
A non-linear complex system governed by multi-spatial and multi-temporal physics scales cannot be fully understood with a single diagnostic, because each diagnostic provides only a partial view and much information is lost while extracting physical quantities from its raw measurements.

Artificial Intelligence, Plasma Physics, Fusion Energy, Scientific Research

274 points by agomez314 72 days ago | 155 comments

Phase transitions in random circuit sampling [pdf] (nature.com)

Quantum Computing, Physics, Scientific Research

28 points by lawrenceyan 99 days ago | 0 comments

We need to build the GitHub of scientific data (vishnurnair.substack.com)
I was reading this article published in 2017. It had a bold claim. A scientific dataset's odds of being available drop by 17% each year. That's not just bad. It's a crisis.

Data Sharing, Scientific Research, Open Source

17 points by vishnurnair 114 days ago | 14 comments

GPT-fabricated scientific papers on Google Scholar (hks.harvard.edu)
Academic journals, archives, and repositories are seeing an increasing number of questionable research papers clearly produced using generative AI. They are often created with widely available, general-purpose AI applications, most likely ChatGPT, and mimic scientific writing. Google Scholar easily locates and lists these questionable papers alongside reputable, quality-controlled research. Our analysis of a selection of questionable GPT-fabricated scientific papers found in Google Scholar shows that many are about applied, often controversial topics susceptible to disinformation: the environment, health, and computing. The resulting enhanced potential for malicious manipulation of society’s evidence base, particularly in politically divisive domains, is a growing concern.

Generative AI, Scientific Research, Disinformation, Academic Publishing, Google Scholar

213 points by celadevra_ 132 days ago | 99 comments

Jacquard lab notebook: Version control and provenance for empirical research (inkandswitch.com)
Scientific papers straddle two worlds. They’re thoughtfully crafted prose documents, but they’re also _computational_ documents containing data analyses and visualizations. Today, the prose and computational parts of a paper often live in different environments and tools, which causes friction for teams of scientists.

Scientific Research, Version Control, Data Science

98 points by surprisetalk 135 days ago | 24 comments

The first nuclear clock will test if fundamental constants change (quantamagazine.org)
An ultra-precise measurement of a transition in the hearts of thorium atoms gives physicists a tool to probe the forces that bind the universe.

Physics, Fundamental Constants, Atomic Physics, Scientific Research, Time Measurement

288 points by beefman 136 days ago | 182 comments

Radiance Cascades: A Novel High-Res Sol. For Multidim Non-LTE Radiative Transfer (arxiv.org)

Astrophysics, Radiative Transfer, Scientific Research, Software

24 points by jasonjmcghee 140 days ago | 7 comments

A high energy hadron collider on the Moon (iopscience.iop.org)

Physics, Space Exploration, Engineering, Scientific Research

52 points by occamschainsaw 160 days ago | 67 comments

Substantial Risk of Atlantic Circulation Tipping Under Moderate Climate Change (arxiv.org)

Climate Change, Oceanography, Scientific Research, Earth Sciences

5 points by OutOfHere 171 days ago | 0 comments

Launch HN: Undermind (YC S24) – AI agent for discovering scientific papers (ycombinator.com)